Biografi Alexander Graham Bell (English)

Ini tugasku waktu kelas delapan. Hehe.
Ini juga aslinya ngeringkas doang dari wikipedia.
Jadi maafin kalau misalnya masih ada grammar yang salah-salah.

Kalau mau copy-paste jangan lupa cantumin sumber.
Terima kasih!

Alexander Graham Bell

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Alexander Bell was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on March 3, 1847. The family home was at 16 South Charlotte Street, and has a stone inscription, marking it as Alexander Graham Bell's birthplace. He had two brothers: Melville James Bell and Edward Charles Bell. Both of his brothers died of tuberculosis. His father was Professor Alexander Melville Bell, and his mother was Eliza Grace. He was born in deafness. He got his middle name is "graham" when the eleventh birthday, and then renamed to "alexander graham bell". But he still called "aleck" by his friends. As a child, young Alexander displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. He did his first attempt, and managed to find a parer of some combination of household appliances when he was 12 years old.

ü  As a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. At age 16, Bell secured a position as a "pupil-teacher" of elocution and music, in Weston House Academy, at Elgin, Moray, Scotland. The following year, he attended the University of Edinburgh; joining his older brother Melville who had enrolled there the previous year. In 1868, not long before he departed for Canada with his family, Aleck completed his matriculation exams and was accepted for admission to the University of London.

ü  In 1875, Bell developed an acoustic telegraph and drew up a patent application for it. Bell's patent 174,465, was issued to Bell on March 7, 1876, by the U.S. Patent Office. The Bell Telephone Company was created in 1877, and by 1886, more than 150,000 people in the U.S. owned telephones. On January 13, 1887, the US Government moved to annul the patent issued to Bell on the grounds of fraud and misrepresentation. During a deposition filed for the 1887 trial, Italian inventor Antonio Meucci also claimed to have created the first working model of a telephone in Italy in 1834. The value of the Bell patent was acknowledged throughout the world, and patent applications were made in most major countries, but when Bell had delayed the German patent application, the electrical firm of Siemens & Halske (S&H) managed to set up a rival manufacturer of Bell telephones under their own patent. In 1888, Bell became one of the founding members of the National Geographic Society. Although Alexander Graham Bell is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, his interests were extremely varied. The range of Bell's inventive genius is represented only in part by the 18 patents granted in his name alone and the 12 he shared with his collaborators. These included 14 for the telephone and telegraph, four for the photophone, one for the phonograph, five for aerial vehicles, four for "hydroairplanes" and two for selenium cells.

ü  On July 11, 1877, a few days after the Bell Telephone Company was established, Bell married Mabel Hubbard at the Hubbard estate in Cambridge, Massachusetts. They had four children: Elsie May Bell who married Gilbert Grosvenor of National Geographic fame, Marian Hubbard Bell who was referred to as "Daisy", and two sons who died in infancy. The Bell family home was in Cambridge, Massachusetts, until 1880 when Bell's father-in-law bought a house in Washington, D.C., and later in 1882 bought a home in the same city for Bell's family, so that they could be with him while he attended to the numerous court cases involving patent disputes.

ü  Bell died of complications arising from diabetes on August 2, 1922, at his private estate, Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, at age 75. Bell had also been afflicted with pernicious anemia.